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'內華達大學工程學教授馬諾米斯拉、娜拉斯姆哈羅孔達莫迪和蘇三塔莫哈帕特拉三人共同進行了這項研究。科學家幾十年來一直知道咖啡中有生物油,但米斯拉他們是首次對咖啡粉進行科學分析的人。米斯拉和同伴們認爲,煮過的咖啡渣中可能含有一定量的生物油可用。' |
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'<p>
內華達大學工程學教授馬諾·米斯拉、娜拉斯姆哈羅·孔達莫迪和蘇三塔·莫哈帕特拉三人共同進行了這項研究。科學家幾十年來一直知道咖啡中有生物油,但米斯拉他們是首次對咖啡粉進行科學分析的人。米斯拉和同伴們認爲,煮過的咖啡渣中可能含有一定量的生物油可用。於是,他們跑去幾家星巴克咖啡店,總共收集了50磅的咖啡渣,用烤箱烘乾了它們,之後將它們放入溶劑中,從中提煉出油來。而這些溶劑可以再利用,殘渣還可用作肥料、乙醇原料和燃料球芯塊。</p>
<p style="text-align: center; ">
<img alt="" src="/uploads/allimg/150105/3-150105163J0F7.jpg" style="width: 400px; height: 300px; " /></p>
<p>
研究者們在發表的文章上稱,用咖啡渣製作柴油的技術並不困難,用化學溶劑就能提取。據美國農業部統計,全球每年有160多億磅(1磅約合0.4536千克)的咖啡產出,而咖啡殘渣中含有11%—20%的生物油。因此,科學家估計,每年的咖啡殘渣可以提供超過3.4億加侖的生物柴油。</p>
<p>
不過米斯拉博士也表示,咖啡渣提煉生物柴油存在一個問題,就是不能高效率收集咖啡渣,因此大規模化生產估計有問題。幾位研究員計劃明年建立起一座小型試點咖啡循環系統,專門從星巴克咖啡店獲取咖啡渣,再將它們送往生物柴油加工廠。然而,即使整個世界上的咖啡渣都被用來生產生物柴油,其生物柴油產量也不及美國每年所耗費柴油量的1%。</p>
<p>
經研究發現,咖啡渣中生物油含量大約達到了15%,比不上大豆、油菜籽和棕櫚油。但咖啡油更加穩定,因爲它含有更多的抗氧化成分。米斯拉博士說,整個過程耗費的能量並不多。他們估計,這樣製作出來的生物柴油可以賣到每加侖約1美元的價錢。</p>
<p>
米斯拉博士說:“用咖啡渣生產柴油並不能取代汽油來解決世界能源問題,但熱牛奶咖啡有一天會減少我們對環境的影響。而且,我們的目標是利用廢棄材料,將其轉化爲有用的燃料。”況且,咖啡渣生產的生物柴油還有一個好處,就是:用咖啡渣生產燃料,汽車尾氣中都會含有咖啡的濃香。(本文系轉載)</p>
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